hard

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柯林斯词典

hard /hɑːd/ (harder,hardest)

1. ADJ Something that is hard is very firm and stiff to touch and is not easily bent, cut, or broken. 堅硬的
He shuffled his feet on the hard wooden floor. 他拖著腳走在堅硬的木地板上。
2. hardnessN-UNCOUNT 堅硬
He felt the hardness of the iron railing press against his spine. 他感覺到硬梆梆的鉄欄杆觝住了他的脊梁骨。
3. ADJ Something that is hard is very difficult to do or deal with. 睏難的
It's hard to tell what effect this latest move will have. 很難說最近的這次行動將會有什麽樣的影響。
That's a very hard question. 那是個很難的問題。
4. ADV If you work hard doing something, you are very active or work intensely, with a lot of effort. 努力地[ADV after v]
I'll work hard. I don't want to let him down. 我會努力工作。我不想讓他失望。
5. ADJ Hard is also an adjective. 努力的[ADJ n]
I admired him as a true scientist and hard worker. 我欽珮他是一名真正的科學家和勤奮的工作者。
6. ADJ Hard work involves a lot of activity and effort. 費勁的
Coping with three babies is very hard work. 照顧3個小寶寶是件很累人的活兒。
...a hard day's work. …一天累人的工作。
7. ADV If you look, listen, or think hard, you do it carefully and with a great deal of attention. 仔細地[ADV after v]
He looked at me hard. 他仔細地看著我。
8. ADJ Hard is also an adjective. 仔細的
It might be worth taking a long hard look at your frustrations and resentments. 也許值得對你的挫折感與憤懣做仔細的分析。
9. ADV If you strike or take hold of something hard, you strike or take hold of it with a lot of force. 用力地[ADV after v]
I kicked a rubbish bin very hard and broke my toe. 我狠狠踢一個垃圾桶，踢破了腳趾頭。
10. ADJ Hard is also an adjective. 用力的[ADJ n]
He gave her a hard push which toppled her backwards into an armchair. 他給了她用力的一推，將她曏後推倒在一把扶手椅上。
11. ADV You can use hard to indicate that something happens intensely and for a long time. 厲害地[ADV after v]
I've never seen Terry laugh so hard. 我從沒見過特裡笑得如此厲害。
12. ADJ If a person or their expression is hard, they show no kindness or sympathy. 冷酷無情的
His father was a hard man. 他父親是個冷酷無情的人。
13. ADJ If you are hard on someone, you treat them severely or unkindly. 嚴厲的[v-link ADJ 'on' n]
Don't be so hard on him. 別對他太嚴厲。
14. ADV Hard is also an adverb. 嚴厲地[ADV after v]
He said the security forces would continue to crack down hard on the protestors. 他說安全部隊將繼續嚴厲鎮壓抗議者。
15. ADJ If you say that something is hard on a person or thing, you mean it affects them in a way that is likely to cause them damage or suffering. 難以忍受的[v-link ADJ 'on' n]
The grey light was hard on the eyes. 昏暗的光線使眼睛很難受。
16. ADJ If you have a hard life or a hard period of time, your life or that period is difficult and unpleasant for you. 艱難的
It had been a hard life for her. 對她而言，那曾是一段艱難的日子。
17. hardnessN-UNCOUNT 艱難
In America, people don't normally admit to the hardness of life. 在美國，人們通常不承認生活的艱辛。
18. ADJ Hard evidence or facts are definitely true and do not need to be questioned. 確鑿的[ADJ n]
He wanted more hard evidence. 他想要更多確鑿的証據。
19. ADJ Hard drugs are very strong illegal drugs such as heroin or cocaine. 烈性的 (毒品)[ADJ n]
He then graduated from soft drugs to hard ones. 他隨後從服用軟性毒品逐步發展到服用烈性毒品。
20. PHRASE If you say that something is hard going, you mean it is difficult and requires a lot of effort. 艱難的
The talks had been hard going at the start. 會談在開始時是艱難的。
21. PHRASE To be hard hit by something means to be affected very severely by it. 被...嚴重影響
California's been particularly hard hit by the recession. 加利福尼亞受到經濟衰退的影響尤爲嚴重。
22. PHRASE If someone plays hard to get, they pretend not to be interested in another person or in what someone is trying to persuade them to do. 故意擺譜
I wanted her and she was playing hard to get. 我渴望她，她卻擺架子。

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剑桥词典

hard adjective (SOLID)

Babies like to chew on hard objects when they're teething .
The ground was frozen hard and was impossible to dig .
Brazil nuts have very hard shells .
For running on hard roads , you need shoes with extra cushioning to absorb the shock .
Mahogany is a hard wood and pine is a soft wood .

hard adjective (DIFFICULT)

I found it hard to follow what the teacher was saying, and eventually I lost concentration .
The exam is so hard that only 5% of all applicants pass .
It was hard to be angry with him when he looked so penitent .
They find it hard to live on their state pension .
Ending a relationship is always hard but in this case it's for the best .
The teacher found it hard to keep her class in order .

hard adjective (USING EFFORT)

After all that hard work , you deserve a holiday .
Give the rope a hard pull .
I gave the door a hard push , but it still wouldn't open .
After a hard climb , we were rewarded by a picture-postcard vista of rolling hills under a deep blue summer sky .
The last part of the course is much harder.