食材铺反向词典

tough

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音标发音

  • 英式音标 [tʌf]
  • 美式音标 [tʌf]
  • 国际音标 [tʌf]
  • 英式发音
  • 美式发音

基本解释

  • adj. 艰苦的，困难的；坚强的，不屈不挠的；坚韧的，牢固的；强壮的，结实的
  • n. 恶棍
  • vt. 坚持；忍受，忍耐
  • adv. 强硬地，顽强地
  • n. (Tough)人名；(英)图赫

词源解说

  • 直接源自古英语的toh；最初源自古日耳曼语的tankhuz，意为困难的。

词根记忆

  • “塔夫”→像塔一样的壮夫→强健的

同根派生

  • adv性质的同根词
    toughly：固执地；强硬地。
  • n性质的同根词
    toughness：[力]韧性；强健；有粘性。
  • vi性质的同根词
    toughen：变坚韧；变顽固。
  • vt性质的同根词
    toughen：使…坚韧；使…顽固。
  • toughish adj. 有点儿强硬的

用法辨析

  • tough作形容词时可表示“凶恶的”的意思，还可作名词表示“恶棍”的意思，都是美式英语的用法。

英汉例句

    用作形容词 (adj.)

    用作定语: ～+ n.

  • He has a tough character.
    他有一个坚韧的性格。

    • 用作表语: S+be+～

  • He is dreadfully tough.
    他极其粗鲁。

    • S+be+～+ prep .-phrase

  • They are very tough on drunk drivers.
    他们对酒后驾车者十分严格。

    • S+be+～+to- v

  • He is tough to work with.
    他很难共事。

词组短语

    用作形容词 (adj.)

    ～+名词

  • tough competition 激烈的竞争

    • 副词+～

  • dreadfully tough 极其粗鲁的

    • ～+动词

  • tough to work with 很难与…共事

    • ～+介词

  • tough on 对…很严格

    • 短语

  • Tough fight 打硬仗;攻坚战
  • Tough Mudder 国际障碍大赛;最强泥人;泥巴硬汉
  • tough shooting 难爆破的
  • Tough Steel 韧性钢
  • wire tough 引线托触;引线张力

英英字典

    剑桥英英字典

  • (STRONG) strong; not easily broken or made weaker or defeated
  • (DIFFICULT) difficult to do or to deal with
  • (FOOD) Tough food is difficult to cut or eat.
  • (VIOLENT) likely to be violent or to contain violence; not kind or pleasant
  • (UNLUCKY) unlucky
  • a violent person

    • 柯林斯英英字典

  • A tough person is strong and determined, and can tolerate difficulty or suffering.
  • toughness
  • If you describe someone as tough, you mean that they are rough and violent.
  • A tough place or area is considered to have a lot of crime and violence.
  • A tough way of life or period of time is difficult or full of suffering.
  • A tough task or problem is difficult to do or solve.
  • Tough policies or actions are strict and firm.
  • A tough substance is strong, and difficult to break, cut, or tear.
  • Tough meat is difficult to cut and chew.

专业释义

    化学

  • 增韧

    Many methods have been developed. One of the most successful methods is to cure epoxy resin by using tough curing agent contained soft segments component.
    环氧树脂的增韧改性方法很多，采用分子结构中含柔性链段的固化剂，固化并增韧环氧树脂的方法，具有环氧树脂的力学性能受影响小，工艺简单，加工方便等优点。

    经济学

  • 吃苦耐劳

    • 交通运输工程

  • 坚韧的