There be句型的讲解

There be句型是小学英语教学中的重要内容。表示某处存在某(物)人。基本结构为“There be +某物(某人)+某地(某时)”。

Be动词的单复数必须依主语的变化而变化。单数is，复数are

如：

There is a table in the room. 房间里有一张桌子。

There are some birds on the tree. 树上有很多鸟。

一、 There be句型的结构：

1.（一）There is+单数可数+地点状语

例：There is a ruler on the desk. 书桌上有一把尺。

（二）There are+复数主语+地点状语

例：There are four apples on the tree. 树上有四个苹果。

There are some flowers in the park. 公园里有许多花。

（三）there is + 不可数名词 +地点状语 （即使有some 也是 单数）

例：There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些水。 （水是不可数名词）

2. There be选择就近原则：

There be句型的就近原则是There be句型中语法项目的重点考点。There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由最挨近的一项的单复数决定。

如：There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk.

在本句中尽管有钢笔、书和铅笔，但是由于离be动词最近的一项是单数a pen，因此，be动词用单数is。

二、There be 句型的疑问句及回答

（一）There be 句型的疑问

1. 在“There is/are...”的疑问句中,要把Be动词放在there之前,并将句号变问号。难点:句中出现的some要改成any。

2. 肯定回答为：Yes, there is/are.

3. 否定回答为: No, there isn’t/aren’t.

例句

可数名词单数 1.

肯定句There is an apple on the tree.

疑问句 Is there an apple on the tree?

肯定回答: Yes, there is. 否定回答: No, there isn’t.

可数名词复数2.

肯定句There are five pens on the desk.

疑问句Are there five pens on the desk?

肯定回答: Yes, there are. 否定回答 No, there aren’t.

不可数名词的时候 3.

肯定句 There is some water in the cup. （水是不可数名词）

否定句 Is there any water in the cup?

肯定回答: Yes, there is. 否定回答: No, there isn’t.

三、There be 句型的否定形式

（一）There be 句型的否定： 否定形式只要在be动词后面加not即可，is not =isn’t are not= aren’t

但要注意的是句中如果出现some则改成any.

1.There is a knife in the kitchen. 否定:There is not a knife in the kitchen.

2.There are five apples on the tree. 否定:There are not five apples on the tree.

3.There is some ink in the bottle. 否定:There is not any ink in the bottle. （ink是墨水，不可数名词）

4.There are some birds singing in the tree. 否定:There are not any birds singing in the tree.